Animal exclusion experiments were conducted in sa dragonera islet natural park western mediterranean, spain. Chemical composition of various ephedra species bosnian journal. The chemical compositions of the essential oils of the aerial parts of ephedra distachya, e. Efedra ephedra gnetunu gnetophyta skyriaus plikasekliu augalu gentis priklauso monotipinei seimai. Pdf in india, medicinal plants have traditionally occupied an important place in the sociocultural. Media in category ephedra fragilis the following 30 files are in this category, out of 30 total. Efedrat ephedra ovat kuivien paikkojen ainavihantia pensaita, joiden lehdet ovat surkastuneet suomumaisiksi. The species is dioecious individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required. Jan 01, 2021 cytoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from ephedra fragilis on h 2 o 2induced oxidative damage in tetrahymena pyriformis author links open overlay panel ismail guenaou a fouzia hmimid a b fatima azzahra lahlou a c ahmed errami d imane nait irahal a sirine fahde a lhoucine ouafik e f noureddine bourhim a. Ephedra fragilis in kew science plants of the world online. In the present study, we evaluated the attraction of animals to female and male pds sugarrich rewards in plants of the mediterranean shrub ephedra fragilis in addition to their contribution to plant fitness. Effect of ephedra altata and ephedra fragilis fractions on no production inhibition in lpsstimulated raw 264. Ephedra, genus of 65 species of gymnosperm shrubs of the family ephedraceae. Commonly known as the joint pine, fragilis possesses several lessused synonyms including ephedra dissoluta, ephedra gibraltarica and ephedra wettsteinii and has one currently.
Ephedra fragilis is an evergreen shrub that can grow up to 1. Njegova ljekovita upotreba je dokumentirana prije pet hiljada godina u kini, gdje je ova biljka poznata i po imenu ma huang. Ephedra altissima buch 1828, illegitimate homonym, not desf. Cytoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from. Ephedra fragilis is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs, the only genus in its family, ephedraceae, and order, ephedrales. Pdf chemical composition of various ephedra species. The various species of ephedra are widespread in many lands, native to southwestern north america, southern europe, northern africa, southwest and central asia, northern china and western south america. Although most ephedra species are windpollinated niklas and buchmann 1987 and references therein. Evidence for a double mutualistic interaction between a. Ephedra fragilis joint pine seeds arkhams botanical. Auga daugiausia sausringose pasaulio vietose vidurineje azijoje, prie vidurzemio juros, artimuosiuose rytuose, kinijoje, aridoamerikoje, anduose. Freshney, culture of animal cells, a manual of basic technique, alan.
Efedrat ovat paljassiemenisia kasveja ja niiden lahin elossa oleva sukulainen on ikilehti welwitschia mirabilis. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts, detailed information such as. Cytoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from ephedra. An ephedra fragilis in uska species han plantae in nahilalakip ha divisio nga gnetophyta, ngan nga ginhulagway ni rene louiche desfontaines. Ephedra je rod cvjetnica, grmova koji pripadaju diviziji gnetofita, porodica ephedraceae. The genus ephedra is one such important group of medicinal plants. Apr 15, 2020 ephedra fragilis in world checklist of selected plant families. Pdf the role of pollination drops in animal pollination. Pdf a molecular phylogenetic study of the ephedra distachya. New observations on the secondary chemistry of world ephedra.
The present survey, extended to 60 coastal and subcoastal localities of centralsouthern italy, refound and reevaluated the conservation. Pdf taxonomic, dna barcoding and phylogenetic reassessment. Pdf preliminary phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, anti. Publisher cambridge university press year 1964 isbn. Cytoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from ephedra fragilis on h2o2induced oxidative. Ephedra, ephedroids, fossil pollen, gnetales, pollen morphology cover. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts, detailed information such as uses, history, habitat, and medicinal properties, ph properties. Eaf from ephedra fragilis to function as a protective agent against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative. Chemical composition of various ephedra species ncbi nih. The twoparameter model gave a very similar result with an estimated age of extant ephedra of 14. Geographic distribution and population composition of.
Pdf micromorphology of the seed envelope of ephedra l. The role of pollination drops in animal pollination in the. Material was obtained from the following geographical regions. Giklaseklase sa iucn ang espesye sa kinaminosang kalabotan. Cytoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction from ephedra fragilis on. In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative effect of the extracts of. Estimation of the age of extant ephedra using chloroplast. Oct 06, 2016 although pds in ephe ephedra fragilis ephedraceae is a dioecious evergreen shrub up to 4 m in height rodrguez dra appear to be a suitable reward for the attraction of animals, the contribution of animal pollinators to plant perez et al. Ephedra fragilis is an evergreen shrub growing to 1. An ephedra fragilis in nahilalakip ha genus nga ephedra, ngan familia nga ephedraceae. The number of nucleotide substitutions per site was 6. Ephedra fragilis 1 ar en karlvaxtart som beskrevs av rene louiche desfontaines. Ephedra fragilis is a very rare plant in peninsular italy.
Gnetales comprise three unusual genera of seed plants, ephedra. General information about ephedra fragilis epefr name language. Ephedra fragilis ephedraceae is a dioecious evergreen shrub, up to 4 m in height, distributed in the western mediterranean basin markgraf 1964. These species grow in dry climate over wide areas of the northern hemisphere including north america,europe, north africa, and south west and central asia. The chemical constituents of ephedra species have been of research. Genetic distance values belong to six ephedra species from iran 1. Ephedra fragilis, commonly named the joint pine, is a species of ephedra that is native to. The medicinal significance of ephedra is based on the sympathomimetic properties of. The aim of this study was to measure the total alkaloids content tac, total phenolics content tpc, and total flavonoids content tfc and determine their relationship in dry herb of ephedra major, ephedra distachya subsp. Growing worldwide, the genus ephedra family ephedraceae had a. Pollen morphology in ephedra gnetales and implications for.
Aug 31, 2019 ephedra chilensis pdf ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs, the only genus in its family, ephedraceae, and ephedra chilensis chile, argentina. Some asian species have been used as a source of the stimulant ephedrine, and many are important in herbal medicine. Ephedra commonly known as joint pine, joint fir, mormon tea or brigham tea is the only genus in family ephedraceae and order ephedrales. Ephedra fragilis shows cones pseudoflowers and pseudofruits that functionally resemble angiosperm nectarproducing flowers and fleshy. Ephedra equisetina bunge mongolian ephedra, ma huang.
Aug 19, 2019 ephedra fragiliscommonly named the joint pineis a species of ephedra that is native to eastern mediterranean region of southern europe and northern africaand from madeira and the canary islands in the atlantic. Ephedra fragilis describiose por rene louiche desfontaines y espublizose en flora atlantica 2. Ephedra fragilis, ephedrine, lymphocyte activation, cell. This page was last edited on 9 december 2014, at 03. Instead, ovules are located within cones which, in some cases, develop into fleshy fruitlike structures. Ephedra fragilis ingar i slaktet efedravaxter, och familjen ephedraceae. Ephedra fragilis epefroverview eppo global database. The only formerly known locality of this species is located at san ferdinando, calabria. Ephedra fragilis, ephedra foeminea, ephedra alata, ephedra altissima and ephedra foliata. Ephedra fragilis, ephedra foeminea, ephedra alata, ephedra altissima and. The findings of the present study indicate that the core ephedra clade evolved earlier than previously thought. Ephedra fragilis is a hardy evergreen shrub of the ephedraceae family, native to the eastern mediterranean region, madeira and the canary islands.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Essential oil composition of three italian species of ephedra. The various species of ephedra are widespread in many lands, native to southwestern north america, southern europe, northern africa, southwest and central asia, northern china and western south america in temperate climates, most ephedra species grow on shores or in sandy soils. Ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs, the only extant genus in its family, ephedraceae, and order, ephedrales. Download figure open in new tab download powerpoint. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Effects of ephedrine and ephedra fragilis crude extracts on human. Pdf preliminary phytochemical analysis, antioxidant. Pdf the medicinal significance of ephedra is based on the. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Tai dazniausiai 1,55 m aukscio krumoksniai, nariuotomis, belapemis sakomis. Ang ephedra fragilis sakop sa kahenera nga ephedra sa kabanay nga ephedraceae. This is the profile for the plant ephedra fragilis jointpine efedra. It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine known hazards.
Ephedra is an evolutionally isolated group and is the only genus in the order ephedrales. The ephedrine concentration in ephedra species is variable. It is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine known hazards none known botanical references. Dna sequencing data used for the first time for dna barcoding of the family ephedraceae in egypt. U hrvatskoj su poznate tri ili cetiri vrste, metlarina ephedra distachya, puzava kositernica ephedra fragilis, uspravna kositernica ephedra major, makedonska kositernica e. This plant species belongs to the gymnosperms, thus producing neither flowers nor fruits. Sive descriptiones plantarum, quas per aegyptum inferiorem et arabiam felicem detexit, illustravit petrus forskal. This study attempts to carry out a critical revision for the genus ephedra in egypt based on morphological characters for leaf, stem and flower. Ephedra fragilis showed to be mostly anemophilous, lizards and insects playing only a minor role on seed set. Espesye sa tanom sakop sa kaulo nga tracheophyta, ug nga gihulagway ni rene louiche desfontaines ang ephedra fragilis.
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