Pdf a database has been developed that documents performance of. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. Uhvac substation and main electrical equipment sciencedirect. The main goal is to ensure personnel have the necessary knowledge and skill to safely. Replace previous bulletin 651 with this bulletin and file with 7 cfr. The rm6 offers a choice of solutions to make 2, 3 or 4 directional connections b with line. Main electrical substation expansion out for bid regionalsan echowater project overview. Substation a part of an electrical transmission system that transforms voltage from high to low, or the reverse. Electric power substations engineering, third edition pcewebsite. Electrical substation definition, layout, and uses of. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Main electrical substation expansion mese project contract. In the customer substation, it normally consists of the step down transformer to lv.
These power generating stations may be hydro electric, thermal or atomic. D substation standards ground cable on tubular steel structures support details 21. This voltage, gpr, is equal to the maximum grid current times the grid resistance. Basically an electrical substation consists of a number of incoming circuits and outgoing circuits connected to common busbar system. Our metalclad distribution substation mds is a fully fitted, fully assembled substation package thats ready to install. Dec 25, 2018 the electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers.
There are four major types of electric substations. Almost every substation electrical enclosure contains a battery banks. The electrical substation can be defined as a network of electrical components comprising of power transformers, busbars, auxiliaries, and switchgear etc. A distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution.
Transmission, sub transmission and distribution substation 4. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. Medium voltage products technical guide the mvlv transformer. Using webbased immersive graphical interfaces to access power substation design and standards information larry d. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. For a new substation, the load voltage rating must be determined early on.
Prairie avenue is an outstanding example of the many substations constructed across chicago. However, while many chicago electrical substations operate in conditions ranging from good to poor, others are vacant and in disrepair. In our substation, we have chosen one main bus and one transfer bus system. Applying the national electrical code to substations. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. The main circuit section consists of a cableside fig. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. Development of 22kv distribution systems and switchgear.
Electrical power substation engineering and layout electrical4u. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. The first step in planning a substation layout is the. The electrical substation is the part of a power system in which the voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high for transmission, distribution, transformation and switching. Pole mounted substation is the outdoor type cheapest form of substation for voltages not exceeding 33kv in which the equipments are installed overhead on hpole or 4pole structure and electric power is almost distributed in localities through such substation.
For transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. Substations connect to the grid through power lines, and they are dangerous locations for anyone not well trained in electrical safety. What is distribution substation and its main components. Bolted connections are utilized in connecting two or more flat surfaces together. Substation substation a station in the power transmission system at which electric power is transformed to a conveniently used form.
The information is included in the handout for your. The various substation bus connections can be made by using any of four main methods bolting, clamping, compressing, and weldingdepending on the conductor type and material. Busbar structurethe main function of electrical bus of power substation is to collect and main and transfer busbar systemthe advantage of main and transfer busbar system is that this system imply the use of two busbars in primary substation. Projects currently in design nitrifying sidestream treatment advertise sept 2015 bnr primary effluent pumping station advertise oct 2015 ras pumping system advertise jan 2016. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and systems become dangerous to humans. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations two days 8 pdh. Jan 01, 2018 main electrical connection of uhvac substations. It is designed to prevent dangerous ground potential from rising at a place where personnel would be located when operating switches or other apparatus. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training.
Teaching time for this module an outline for use in developing your lesson plan is presented below. An indoor substation houses all electrical equipment. Main and transfer bus electrical substation configuration. Substations connect to the grid through power lines, and they are dangerous locations for anyone not well trained in electrical. The components are interconnected such that creating a sequence of a circuit capable to be switched off while running on normal operation through manual commands while in emergency situations it can be. This is because a transformer can be bought in any one of the following configurations 120vac 1ph, 240vac 1ph, 208v 3ph wye, 240v 3ph delta, etc. The power transformer, circuit breaker, busbar, insulator, lightning arrester are the main components of an electrical substation.
For fulfilling these huge power demands the modern time requires creation of bigger and bigger power generating stations. Equipment spacing shall be in accordance with the applicable codes. Regionalsan main electrical substation expansion mese project contract no. The maximum electrical potential that a substation grounding grid may attain relative to a distant grounding point assumed to be at the potential of remote earth. The regional san is advertising for bids for the construction of the main electrical substation expansion project at the sacramento regional wastewater treatment plant srwtp. The complete guide to transformers and packaged substations. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Load catered 200 mw voltage 2 kv rated current is taken to be i ampere, we get p v3 vi cos. Substation configuration reliability 1 reliability of substation configurations daniel nack, iowa state university, 2005 introduction while one of the strongest points in a power system is the electric substation, it still contains what could be described as weak points or points of. Inspections and tests in situ prior to putting into service 61. Dec, 2018 the transformation and switching station is generally known as a substation which is further elaborated below. Ranked 27th in quality of electricity supply source wef. Note that each roman numeral in the outline equates to one session of instruction. Some battery banks are housed within separate battery rooms adjacent to the main enclosure, whereas some are placed in the common area of the electrical equipment enclosure.
Need the convenience of a complete factorybuilt substation. Substations should be designed, constructed, and operated to meet customers needs at the lowest possible cost commensurate with the quality of service desired. Other requirements of the substation electrical system 56 10. Depending on the type of battery, it is well known that. Substation configuration reliability 1 reliability of substation configurations daniel nack, iowa state university, 2005 introduction while one of the strongest points in a power system is the electric substation, it still contains what could be described as weak points or points of failure that would lead to loss of load. This document is a reference for the designers of ergon energy substations and it covers all aspects of substation design for both greenfield and brownfield substation projects to meet the performance expected by ergon energy. Table 11 yard minimum clearances nominal operating voltage phph 1,2, kv nom 1 basic impulse level. Depending upon the availability of resources these stations are constructed. Operating a distribution network sometimes requires switching points in addition to the hvmv substations, in order to limit the effect of a fault on the network.
The rm6 offers a choice of solutions to make 2, 3 or 4 directional connections b with line protection by 630 a circuit breakers. In an electrical substation, a ground earth mat is a mesh of metal rods connected together with conductive material and installed beneath the earth surface. Electric power substation engineering, 2nd edition. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and. Oct 23, 2020 electrical substation now days the electrical power demand is increasing very rapidly. Earthing and electrical grounding installation a complete guide other concepts are ground potential rise gpr. Overview of substations what is a substation and why it is. Part 2 of the course fundamentals of modern electrical substations is concentrated on substation auxiliary and. Electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. In the main and transfer bus configuration, the protective relay scheme is quite complex due to the requirement of the tie breaker to handle each situation f.
The typical system may include substations for voltage transformation, sectionalizing, distribution, and metering a number of. Design using design manual, specifications, internal standards. Substation design criteria page 4 of 8 electrical clearances yard clearances the substation shall be designed to provide at a minimum, the yard clearances and spacing in table 11. Electric substations with equipment used to convert highvoltage, extrahighvoltage ehv, or ultrahighvoltage uhv transmission lines to the intermediate voltage subtransmission lines or to switch subtransmission circuits operating at voltages in the range of 34. Familiarizing with typical substation engineering problems and their corresponding resolution options. The selection of substation layout is based on features of casearea and technoeconomical analysis. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. The buses are coupled using a buscoupler which facilitates load transfer while maintenance and fault conditions. Introductionan electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity. The station may consist of transformers, switches, circuit breakers and other auxilliary equipment.
Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Electrical substation an electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. From the ieee standard dictionary of electrical and electronics terms 3. Emerging technologies and future trends in substation. The main considerations taking into account during the design process are. One substation, in particular, faces a threat of demolition by neglect.
Fundamentals of modern electrical substations two days 8. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Substation maintenance and construction manual circuit. An introduction to electric power transmission presentation. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. An electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries, etc. D substation standards lighting fixture pole and bracket mounting 19. Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. The project will expand the 12kv main electrical substation that provides power to. The main electrical connection of the substation, generally known as the primary connection of the substation, serves to indicate the connection mode of such electrical equipment as the transformer, circuit breaker, disconnector, instrument transformer, busbar, and surge arrester, as well as the electrical connection between the substation and the power system. K substation standards switch operating and equipment platforms electrical design and details 20.
The transformer can handle a maximum capacity up to 10 mva. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. Scope this document states the functional requirements with regard to substation earthing and bonding, and integration into a substation, as well as items that need to be considered in the area surrounding the substation to ensure the safety of personnel and the general public. The radial system is the simplest electrical distribution arrangement, and the least. The typical power system structure is shown in fig. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. This course is designed for any engineering, management and educational professionals looking to expand their knowledge and experience in modern electrical substations. Pdf substation design and standards information laurence.
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